Epic of Beowulf - Where Did the Christianity in Beowulf...

Where Did the Christianity in Beowulf Come From? The Christian influences in Beowulf ultimately came from the Christian/Catholic Church of Rome which converted Romans, and thereby the Roman legions and thereby the occupied provinces. Also the Christian/Catholic Bishop of Rome sent missionary priests and monks to the British Isles to proselytze the population. There are additional considerations too. First of all, let us be clear about the fact that the conversion of Britain to Christianity began quite early. The Catholic priest Venerable Bede, born in Bernicia, Northumbria, around 673, states in Bk 1, Ch 4 of his Ecclesiastical History of the English People that while Eleutherius was Bishop of Rome (175-189AD), a king†¦show more content†¦Eusebius quotes the then-existent works of earlier writers like the Jewish historian Josephus, the philosopher Philo, Clement, Papias, and church writers like Dionysius of Corinth and Caius who lived before the year 100. In Book2, chapter14 of the Ecclesiastical History Eusebius recounts how the anti-Christian Simon Magus encountered Peter the apostle in Rome: He [Simon Magus] undertook a great journey from the East across the sea and fled to the West, thinking that this was the only way for him to live according to his mind. Entering the city of Rome, by the cooperation of that malignant spirit which had fixed its seat there, his attempts were soon so far successful as to be honored as a god with the erection of a statue by the inhabitants of that city. This, however, did not continue long; immediately under the reign of Claudius, by the benign and gracious providence of God, Peter, that powerful and great apostle, who by his courage took the lead of all the rest, was conducted to Rome against this pest of mankind. He, like a noble commander of God fortified with the divine armor, bore the precious merchandise of the revealed light from the East to those in the West, announcing the light itself and salutary doctrine of the soul the proclamation of the kingdom of God. Since Emperor Claudius died in 54AD and was succeeded by Tiberius Claudius Nero, Peter was preaching in Rome sometime prior to 54. Book2, ch 15 of the Ecclesiastical History beginsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of William Shakespeare s The Epic Of The English 1113 Words   |  5 PagesMadison Zuber Beowulf Essay Over time Beowulf, the oldest epic poem in the English language, has seen itself recreated through literature, graphic novels, music, opera and theatre, comics, board games, video games, and movies including Beowulf and Grendel directed by Sturla Gunnarsson which features actors such as Gerard Butler, Spencer Wilding, Sarah Polley, Stellan Skarsgard, Tony Curran and Mark Lewis. While some similarities between the movie and the epic are evident, the differences betweenRead MoreEssay on Good vs Evil in Beowulf1568 Words   |  7 PagesIn Beowulf, the clash between good and evil is the poems main and most significant focal point. Although the epic poem Beowulf utilizes many characteristics of Christian themes, the violence in the poem relates to paganism. By exploring the characteristics of â€Å"good vs. evil† such as Cain, Grendel and Beowulf, this paper will explore the elements of Beowulf in such a light. The Anglo-Saxon poem, Beowulf, was originally told orally then later was written down anonymously in the Old English languageRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Beowulf900 Words   |  4 PagesThe main character in the epic poem â€Å"Beowulf† is Beowulf. An epic hero is one that has superhuman qualities and who beholds values of his society and is braver than life. â€Å"Epics are stories told on a grand scale, with armies, heroes, gods, and the brutal forces of nature depicted over long character arcs and sweeping landscapes.† (Rebecca Ray 1) Beowulf is a selfless warrior that puts the kingdom of Herot first and tries to rid evil for the people. Beowulf wanted to help his kingdom. The evilRead MoreChristianity : The Rise Of Christianity1512 Words   |  7 PagesBefore the rise of Christianity as a major religion in the European area, Paganism was a belief that was common among all people across Europe. Paganism involved polytheistic beliefs with ritualistic tradition and animal sacrifice. This belief was common in the Anglo-Saxon tradition, which is from where the epic poem Beowulf is thought to have originated circa 550 AD. Due to the origins of Beowulf being surrounded by Pagan tradition and culture and reliance on the method of oral recitation of theRead MoreChristianism And Paganism In Beowulf2091 Words   |  9 PagesChristianity vs. Paganism Beowulf is an epic poem combining different stories consisting of contrasting elements, such as paganism and Christianity. Within these stories of Beowulf and the followers of Beowulf, as well as the enemies, paganism actually played the role of the largest religion practiced versus that of Christianity. The stories that make up this epic go by their own titles like, The Wrath of Grendel, The Coming of Beowulf, The Battle with Grendel, The Monster’s Lair, The Battle withRead MoreThe Epic Poem Beowulf 3048 Words   |  13 Pages Given, the current high profile debate with regard to dating the epic poem Beowulf, it is quite surprising that some scholars go as far as placing it during the Vendel era around 550 - 793 CE. Eventhough it is considered as a kind of folk tale, many are those who believe it happened towards the early Vendel era. As a rebuttal to this point, it might be convincingly argued that this period is also referred to as the Germanic Iron Age. Moreover, this era saw the rise of Norse mythology, which is veryRead MoreEssay about Christian Sybolism in Beowulf1598 Words   |  7 PagesChristian Sybolism in Beowulf Within the poem Beowulf, the poet utilizes the Christian religion to symbolize the elements of good and evil and Heaven and Hell. Beowulf is the oldest known English epic poem. The manuscripts date back to about 1000 A.D., when two scribes wrote it down for posterity. The poem was handed down from the Anglo-Saxon period, and through the retelling of the poem, it changed a little each time. The poem creates an oral depiction of an epic hero who strived toRead MorePagan And Paganism In Beowulf1699 Words   |  7 PagesMany people believe that originally, Beowulf was a Pagan artifact. In fact, such belief has developed further to support that an anonymous Christian rewrote the piece with intent of applying Christian characters to the first script. Academics, however, differ on whether the central thematic argument was Christian or Pagan. The author remarkably puts actions into the context of the Bible owing to the impulse at the era of converting everyone to Christianity. By, i nterlocking the old Pagan elementsRead MoreBeowulf Is The Oldest Recorded Poem1328 Words   |  6 PagesThe epic poem, Beowulf, is the oldest recorded poem in English and at 3200 lines long, comprises roughly ten percent of the surviving poetry in Old English. Although written in this language, Beowulf focuses on the feats of the poem’s namesake Beowulf, a Geatish prince, and the invading Germanic tribes in Denmark. Understood early on in the poem, these tribes have a lengthy and powerful warrior culture; a culture heavily influenced by heroic virtues, blood vengeance, and paganism. Along with theseRead MoreThe Impact Of Christian Features On Beowulf3125 Words   |  13 PagesELMARRACHI 11 AMINE ELMARRACHI Professor: Dr. Robinson ENG-205 Research paper 11/21/2015 The Impact of Christian Features on Beowulf. Given, the current high profile debate with regard to dating the epic poem Beowulf, it is quite surprising that some scholars go as far as placing it during the Vendel era around 550 - 793 CE. Even though it is considered as a kind of folk tale, many are those who believe it happened towards the early Vendel era. As a rebuttal to this point, it might

`` When They Aren t Eating Us, They Bring Us Together ...

When it comes to survival Leah A. Murray in her article, â€Å"When They Aren’t Eating Us, They Bring Us Together: Zombies and the American Social Contract† suggests that individuals that have a community built on a common goal gives these people the best odds of surviving a Posthuman event. The episode â€Å"Killer Within† of The Walking Dead shows Rick, Carol, Maggie, Glenn, and Daryl acting individualistic towards members not in their pre-established community in an effort to protect themselves from potential dangers. However, T-Dog demonstrates a communitarian approach by wanting to allow new people to join their community. According to Murray Individualism is when individuals are self-reliant and put their needs in front of anyone else, and communitarianism is when individuals put the needs of society above their own. These citizens work together and have a sense of community and self-sacrifice. In The Walking Dead season three episode, â€Å"Killer Within, † Rick and his group demonstrate Murray s concept of individualism as they oppose the idea of adding new people to their group because they fear them. However, T-Dog represents a communitarian approach as he strives to convince Rick and the others that the new people should be initiated into Rick’s group. In a previous episode, Rick and his group found prisoners still alive and living inside the prison where they are also residing, but a few of them had since died. Only two were known to still be alive. This episode begins by

Foundation of Workplace Success for Employers - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theFoundation of Workplace Success for Employers. Answer: Introduction Employers are continually in search of a workforce that is endowed with right skills, knowledge, and experience to meet the needs of today's dynamic organization effectively. The prospects of many employers keep on varying from time to time as they seek to respond to the changing needs and desires of their customers (Rao, 2010). Despite the existence of some employment opportunities, many job seekers are not able to fill the job opening due to the lack of employability skills. Employers are currently not only interested in a person who exhibits knowledge of performing a task but are looking for candidates who are all rounded by possessing the art and craft of the job. In this highly competitive corporate world, every prospective employee should ensure they possess both hard and soft skills to ensure they are hired and can perform to the expectations of the employers to safeguard their positions and for career growth and progression (Reeves, 2015). Day after day the workplace is chang ing with respect to the changing technology and therefore need for job seekers to keep up with the modification. However, one thing remains the fact that employers are continuously in search for employees who possess leadership skills, team building techniques, soft and expertise, creativity, communication skills, interpersonal skills, listening skills, negotiation skills, corporate etiquette and time management skills (Gardner, 2008). Communication is the centre of every corporation. Achievement of organizational objective results from clearly communicating the laid down strategies and to foster a good working relationship between the management and its workforce as well as other stakeholders which are essential to realizing the economic responsibility of the business (McKay, 2009). Effective communication involves the ability to express a persons opinions and views confidently, clearly, and concisely in speech, making the content as easily comprehendible by the target audience by having a free- flowing ideas that enhance communication and makes it easier for the audience to ask questions (University of Kent, 2017). Many job seeker can express themselves pretty well, but the challenge lies in their ability to listen. While the hearing is the physical ability listening is a skill that has to be mastered for one to be termed as an active listener. A competent employee will pay close attention to the employer by givi ng their undivided attention and acknowledging that they have understood what is required of them by using gestures and body language as a show that they are following hence provide most appropriate feedback (Burley, 1995). A good listener will always maintain good eye contact, avoids distractions like phones while having a conversation, does not disrupt the other person in the middle of his / her talk and shows interest in what is being said. Good listening builds good rapport and understanding with employers and allows for free exchange of ideas and motivates either of the parties to say more. Employees who exhibit excellent interpersonal skills are highly preferred by employers as they can freely interact with other employees in the organization. Interpersonal skills are a leeway to building other critical workplace skills (Allen, 1995). An employee with interpersonal relationships exemplifies excellent negotiation skills, empathy, use jargon-free language, problem-solving, decision-making, assertiveness and general company etiquette by giving credit to fellow colleagues for work well done and appreciating other staff members for helping you carry on a task to completion. Further, by encouraging fellow staff members supports team spirits which foster team building spirit in the organization. By having the ability to part of a cohesive team is key to accomplishing the goals of the organization independently and in collaboration with other staff to achieve the needs of their customers. Team spirit in the company contributes in a large way to enhance staff motivation, foster ing trust among employee and thereby significantly improving efficiency and productivity (Dyer, 2010). In addition to an appropriate time management, employers are more interested employees who are creative to enhance new ways of doing business and hence cutting on business costs as well as increasing efficiency of operations in the company. Moreover, having the necessary hard skills alongside the soft skills is significant in the specific area of business activity. Hard skills are technical in nature and therefore can be learned. Hard skills are teachable capabilities reason why employers seek employees with good academic grades as a measure of the employee ability to perform his roles in a satisfactory manner (Hirsch, 2015). However, hard skills are limited in scope, unlike soft skills which are behavioural in nature and can be used inside and outside of the workplace to enhance social relations. The interview stage of recruitment is always most critical as it is one that stands between the job seeker and the position. Its important that the job seeker stands out among other interviews to ensure he or she is offered the position in question. To emerge successful in an interview, one must make sure that they acknowledge their strengths and own up their weakness (Sondhi, 2017). Candidates must identify weakness which has no direct linkage to the position being applied for and honestly express themselves on how they plan to improve on the weakness positively in a way to the satisfaction of the interview panel. Also acting friendly to the panel by putting a lively face by beaming shows a professional and approachable person. Smiling eases tension in the interview room and this is necessary as it works on helping to calm down and therefore ability to focus on the interview. Keeping calm ensures the interviewee give the best response to the various questions being asked and conveys the confidence. The key to remaining calm is by familiarizing with the interviewing company through a deep research into the companys operations, work culture, mission, and vision. Moreover, by practicing of possible interview questions eliminates anxiety and provides the candidate with the best defence if it comes to the worst (Hodgson, 2012). In a job interview unlike other social or professional interactions require the candidates to express themselves in a clear and precise manner that make them stand out among the many other applicants. By using short and accurate answers, the candidate can cover their entire profile and the suitability for the position. Failure of an applicant to present themselves in the way that impresses the interview panel often lead to them being discarded for candidates with far worse merits but with better presentation skills. An interview is more like marketing a product or service to the potential customer only in the case of an interview the candidate is selling them to the potential employer. This being the case, candidates must ensure they hone their speaking points on how the skills and experiences fit for the role at hand. Also, its important to base the arguments made during the interview on facts as its aids in demonstrating the applicant's point. Flexibility and ability to adapt to the changing workplace environment and circumstances. Employees who are adaptable tend to be an excellent negotiator in a job offer. Negotiating gives the notion to the employer that the possible employee knows the worth of his/her talent in the industry. Employers are impressed with the staff who showcase behavioural flexibility as they are proof they can adapt successfully to the changing work environment (University of Kent, 2017). Further job applicants must ensure they have dressed appropriately as the looks create the first personal appeal to the panellist. In conclusion, its pretty evident from the above that employers are in search of fresh talent that is highly adaptable to the changing customer needs and that suit regulatory framework of the organization. Further, having employees who possess the necessary hard skills alongside the soft skills enhance the productivity of an organization hence the high preference and consideration of such candidates. During interviews, applicants need to put their best show to ensure they emerge the best compared to the rest of the candidates. References Burley, A. M., 1995. Listening: The Forgotten Skill. 2 ed. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Burley, A. M., 1995. Managing Assertively: How to Improve Your People Skills. 2 ed. New Jersey: Wiley. Hirsch, B. J., 2015. Job Skills and Minority Youth. 1 ed. New york: Cambridge University Press. Hodgson, S., 2012. Brilliant Answers to Tough Interview Questions. 4 ed. London: Pearson UK. John N. Gardner, J. A. J. B. O. B., 2008. Your College Experience: Strategies for Success. 8 ed. Boston: Cengage Learning. Malhotra, N. S. . V., 2017. Know Your Worth: Stop Thinking, Start Doing. 1 ed. New Delhi: GENERAL PRESS. Matthew McKay, M. D. . P. F., 2009. Messages: The Communication Skills Book. 3 ed. Carlifornia: New Harbinger Publications. Rao, M. S., 2010. Soft Skills - Enhancing Employability: Connecting Campus with Corporate. 1 ed. New Delhi- Bangalope: I. K. International Pvt Ltd. Reeves, D., 2015. Management Skills for Effective Planners. 1st ed. New york: Palgrave Macmillan. University of Kent, 2017. University of Kent- Career and Employerbility Service; adaptability and Flexibility. [Online] Available at: https://www.kent.ac.uk/careers/sk/adaptability.htm [Accessed 28 May 2017]. University of Kent, 2017. University of Kent- Careers and Employability Service.. [Online] Available at: https://www.kent.ac.uk/careers/sk/communicating.htm [Accessed 27 May 2017]. William G. Dyer, W. G. D. J. J. H. D., 2010. Team Building: Proven Strategies for Improving Team Performance. 4 ed. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons.

Learning and memory are two in... free essay sample

Learning and memory are two intertwined yet distinct concepts. Myers and DeWall (2015) defines learning as a process through which experiences or practice lead to the development of change in behavior. Most peoples perception of learning is limited to the aspect of formal education. Associating learning with formal education constraints it acquisition of academic knowledge. Learning occurs throughout our entire life. Individuals encountered different experiences on a daily basis that have a permanent impact on their behavior, which is the basis of learning. Learning can occur in different ways including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observation. Classical conditioning is the fundamental way that most people acquire learn about new things. It takes place through the introduction of a neutral stimulus. Continuous exposure of a subject to the stimulus results in the evoking a response that is naturally elicited by another different stimulus. Operant conditioning is an approach where behaviors are developed in response to gaining rewards and avoiding punishment. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning and memory are two in or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Learning can also occur by observing other people actions and the consequences of their behavior, an approach called observational learning. According to Myers and DeWall (2015), memory is any indication that learning has persisted over time. It is evident from the definition that memory builds on from the concept of learning explaining the relationship between the two concepts. Memory general entails encoding information, storage of the information and retrieval of information. There are different models on how learning occurs. The three stage processing of memory argues that there are three stages that all information must pass through before it stored. According to the model, memory can be sensory, short-term or long-term. Sensory memory isnt encoded but rather lingers in a sense momentarily. As one selectively pay attention to specific information, it becomes encoded and ceases to be a sensory memory. The information becomes short-term memory which lingers for a longer period than sensory memory. The capacity of short-term memory is limited and the information fades within ten to thirty seconds. When information undergoes permanent storage, it becomes long-term memory. The capacity for storing such information is unlimited. Understanding the concepts of learning and memory and how they are interlinked is essential in developing a plan to enhance learning and memory in different disciplines (Myers DeWall, 2015). The plan for implementing memory is to ensure effective application of study skill, and can be sensory, short-term, or long-term. Nursing education, particularly the academic aspect of it, is dependent on the long-term memory. Developing long-term memory is essential in the discipline since information acquired needs to be stored for an unlimited duration for both current and future reference. It is, therefore necessary to develop skills in nursing education that enhance long-term memory. Regular attendance of lecture, constant note taking, and class assignment are good study habits. Nursing education goes beyond just passing exams at the academic level as the information is dependent on nursing practices where nurses do not have the time to make references to academic texts. The plan is, therefore, to develop alternative study habits such as reading the text to understand rather than cramming. For information to become part of the memory, it needs to be encoded and stored. Adopting repetitive reading and comprehensive reading develops encoding ability of the mind ultimately enhancing memory regarding new concepts (McLeod, 2018). As an alternative, I intend to use the retrieval practice Sleister (2014) suggests, that the use of retrieval practice will facilitate long-term memorization. This is critical in nursing, which requires constant analysis, synthesis and recall of health-related information. In an attempt to implement this, it essential to start by describing the main ideas using my own words whenever I read. After each paragraph, ask questions regarding what I have read using self-quiz, before connecting new ideas with the issues I have just learned. The process will take time, and I am hopeful with repetition I will enhance my memory skills. The plan for implementing learning concept into nursing education will be that learning is an active process that entails the engagement and manipulation of objects, experiences, and conservations. Such engagements and manipulation aim to build mental models of the world (Nielsen, Pedersen Helms, 2015). Learning as an active process, which also calls for engagement in conversation, and engagement with others which leads to the establishment of connections between prior knowledge and new ideas. This points to the next step of the plan to implement learning concept, which is building on prior knowledge (Cherry, 2017). I plan to focus on enriching and building on the current understanding of concepts of nursing education. With this plan I will participate in study groups or seminars Exposure to different healthcare scenarios will also enhance my learning. Learning in nursing education doesnt end at the academic level when nurses finish a nursing course but continue even in practices. From this approach, the plan tends to restructure nursing education in a way that fosters continuous learning and exposure to different healthcare experience enabling nurses to build on Aliakbari, F., Parvin, N., Heidari, M., ; Haghani, F. (2015).

Marketing Strategy essays

Marketing Strategy essays The main goal is for our product to be adopted as a standard in the credit card industry. In order to achieve this we must secure agreements with all the major credit card companies in the world: Visa, Mastercard, American Express and Diners Club. The process will take place gradually at first, with the implementation process taking approximately 2 years to be completed. Although the decision to implement the product can be swift, the credit card companies will most often choose to wait until the majority if their customers cards have expired before issuing the new type of cards, thus minimizing the incurred costs. During this interval, we will also strive to supply every merchant with the new terminal thus enabling full implementation to coincide with the replacement of all cards. We believe that if we succeed in securing quasi-simultaneous agreements with the above-mentioned credit card companies we will be able to have upwards of 90% of the credit card market share worldwide within 3 years. From that point it will be a short step to becoming the single worldwide standard of credit card payment technology. Our product is aimed at only a few major companies, not at individual clients. Therefore this product is aimed at all credit card companies and subsequently all users worldwide. It goes without saying that this product is not aimed at a specific market segment: it offers increased security which translates into much smaller losses for the credit card firms. These benefits can be passed on to the merchants and users in the form of lower commissions and annuity rates, as discussed later. It is therefore hard to imagine who would oppose a product which will offer increased security as well as indirect monetary benefits, however small these can come to be. Therefore this product is aimed at only one major segment: credit card users. T ...

Chinese Emperors - Shang Dynasty

Chinese Emperors - Shang Dynasty The Shang Dynasty is the first Chinese imperial dynasty for which we have actual documentary evidence. Since the Shang is so very ancient, the sources are unclear. We dont even know for sure when the Shang Dynasty began its rule over the Yellow River Valley of China.  Some historians believe that it was around the year 1700 BCE, while others place it later, c. 1558 BCE. In any case, the Shang Dynasty succeeded the Xia Dynasty, which was a legendary ruling family from approximately 2070 BCE to about 1600 BCE. We have no surviving written records for the Xia, although they probably did have a writing system. Archaeological evidence from the Erlitou sites does give support to the idea that a complex culture had already arisen in northern China at this time. Fortunately for us, the Shang have left some slightly clearer records than their Xia predecessors did. The traditional sources for the Shang era include the Bamboo Annals and the Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian. These records were written much, much later than the Shang period, however; Sima Qian wasnt even born until around 145 to 135 BCE.  As a result, modern historians were quite skeptical even about the existence of the Shang Dynasty until archaeology miraculously provided some proof. In the early 20th century, archaeologists found an early form of Chinese writing that was inscribed (or in rare cases painted) onto turtle shells or large, flat animal bones like the shoulder blades of oxen. These bones were then put into a fire, and the cracks that developed from the heat would help a magical diviner to predict the future or tell their customer whether their prayers would be answered.   Called oracle bones, these magical divination tools provided us proof that the Shang Dynasty really did exist.  Some of the seekers who asked questions of the gods via the oracle bones were the emperors themselves or officials from the court  so we even got confirmation of some of their names, along with rough dates when they were active. In many cases, the evidence from the Shang Dynasty oracle bones matched quite closely with the recorded tradition about that time from the Bamboo Annals and the Records of the Grand Historian. Still, it should not surprise anyone that there are still gaps and discrepancies in the imperial list below.  After all, the Shang Dynasty ruled China a very, very long time ago. China’s Shang Dynasty Cheng Tang, 1675 to 1646 BCEWai Bing, 1646 to 1644 BCEZhong Ren, 1644 to 1640 BCETai Jia, 1535 to 1523 BCEWo Ding, 1523 to 1504 BCETai Geng, 1504 to 1479 BCEXiao Jia, 1479 to 1462 BCEYong Ji, 1462 to 1450 BCETai Wu, 1450 to 1375 BCEZhong Ding, 1375 to 1364 BCEWai Ren, 1364 to 1349 BCEHe Dan Jia, 1349 to 1340 BCEZu Yi, 1340 to 1321 BCEZu Xin, 1321 to 1305 BCEWo Jia, 1305 to 1280 BCEZu Ding, 1368 to 1336 BCENan Geng, 1336 to 1307 BCEYang Jia, 1307 to 1290 BCEPan Geng, 1290 to 1262 BCEXiao Xin, 1262 to 1259 BCEXiao Yi, 1259 to 1250 BCEWu Ding, 1250 to 1192 BCEZu Geng, 1192 to 1165 BCEZu Jia, 1165 to 1138 BCELin Xin, 1138 to 1134 BCEKang Ding, dates of reign unclearWu Yi, 1147 to 1112 BCEWen Ding, 1112 to 1102 BCEDi Yi, 1101 to 1076 BCEDi Xin, 1075 to 1046 BCE

What is the Ecstatic Truth Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What is the Ecstatic Truth - Assignment Example Ecstatic truth is giving the viewer a high expectation of the central character reaching his highest goal. There is an element of existentialism as we become part of the central character as we become so involved with the film. Ecstatic truth is beyond the apparent fact. It transcends reality and is a manifestation of what goes on within the person. Werner Herzog finds this truth in two points in the set of videos. He shows the museum curator explaining that Treadwell did something the Indians hadn't done in 7000 years. Tim was a man overly obsessed with nature and crossed the territory bounds that were never meant to be crossed. Men were not made to associate with bears. When the father killed the cub so the mother would stop lactating, Tim never acknowledge that the bears were carnivores. He was sad and cried. Herzog showed that this obsession lead to his demise. The film started on the positive point that death is without fear. Treadwell talks about death, perseverance, and being a samurai. A fearless death is where you survive. He shows an unreality in wanting to become a bear or fight like a bear. In the thirteen years he was going to Alaska, he learned their behaviors. He cried when they suffered; he cried when they ate each other. His thought his friendship with them was real. Herzog's changes the truth of Treadwell's insight into nature as becoming the insight into our inner beings. His insight into nature also becomes the viewers insight into Ted's inner character.  

Nascar and Formula One Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nascar and Formula One - Essay Example But the two competitions differ in three key areas, namely, 1 – rules and set-up of the competition; 2 – the technical differences in the build of race-cars; and 3 – the reach and fan following of the sport. The following paragraphs will expand on these points. Firstly, Formula One is authorized by the Federation Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and is the more lucrative of the two. But motor-race connoisseurs have found NASCAR to be more appealing in certain aspects. For example, competition for pole position tends to be more open in a NASCAR race compared to a F1 race. In the latter, whoever starts at the pole position ends up winning the race most times, making the field of competition less-egalitarian than NASCAR. NASCAR is also noted for testing drivers' core racing skills, whereas in Formula One, strategies, tactics and other team considerations bear upon the outcome. As a result both these circuits have developed their own niche fan following. NASCAR r aces are usually 400-500 miles long and are run on oval tracks, whereas Formula One races are run on uniquely constructed circuits and last about 2-3 hrs.

Ethnic Identity Is an Interactional Identity Essay Example for Free

Ethnic Identity Is an Interactional Identity Essay The word â€Å"ethnic† that we use in our daily life sometimes can be related to foreign origins, unusual, different, unique, traditional, and has cultural relation. Actually, the word of ethnic came from the Greek word â€Å"ethnos† used by Homer in Iliad on 7-8th BC which indicates a group of people that is different from â€Å"us†. However, as the time move forward, the word â€Å"ethnic† has been understood as stated above (foreign, unusual, different, unique, traditional, and cultural related). As I understand, ethnic group can be defined as a group of people that belief they share the same ancestry, history, cultural traits such as language and religion which are different from other group. Some said ethnic group is equal as cultural group. However, Edmund Leach who studied Kachin people in Burma (Myanmar) argued that by assuming that there are no differences between ethnic group and cultural group will lead to failure in addressing various aspects of ethnic phenomena (Dr. Rie Nakamura’s slide, What is an Ethnic Group? Ethnic troubles Theories of Ethnicity). The question here, what is the concept of ethnic identity as â€Å"interactional identity†? Before I explain further, I would like to define what ethnic identity is. According to Kanchan Chandra (2006), ethnic identity means an individual is eligible to be a member by determined his identity. There are four major components of ethnic identity: 1. Ethnic awareness (understanding of one’s own and other groups) 2. Ethnic self-identification (label used for one’s own group) 3. Ethnic attitudes (feeling about own and other groups) 4. Ethnic behaviors (behavior patterns specific to an ethnic group).

Business/Industry Standards and Vocational Program Accountability :: Work Employees Employers Essays

Business/Industry Standards and Vocational Program Accountability Industry skill standards are already in place for many industries in the United States and in a number of statewide vocational education programs that serve those industries. The linkage of skill standards between industry and vocational education hinges on a competency-based approach to education and training. The effectiveness of this approach has been recognized by other countries, such as Denmark and Great Britain, that have adopted this process for establishing their industry skill standards. The National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs), developed in Great Britain, is one example of competency-based skill standards used to assess performance. This Digest looks at the motivations behind the initiation of industry standards and of national and state skill standards that would provide vocational program accountability. It examines the competency-based approach to the development of standards in relation to their effect on vocational education, drawing on reviews of the NVQs in Gre at Britain. Why Industries Set Skill Standards The gap between existing skills and desired or required skills is the basic impetus for the development of business/industry standards at all levels-local, state, and national. Many of these standards were developed over time, industry by industry, in response to competition from other industrialized nations and for the purpose of quality control. In the early 1970s, for example, automobile manufacturers were finding that graduates of automotive technology classes were lacking the skills necessary to work on cars with advanced technology systems. The public, losing faith in the quality of new car repair, were either not buying new cars or not buying cars made in the United States. Therefore, to improve worker competence, the National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence began to require that auto mechanics be certified (Fretwell and Pritz 1994). Over the years the professional associations of many industries have taken the initiative in setting skill standards. The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, for example, has developed and implemented a national certification program through which it administers the Certified Public Accountants exam. The American Welding Society likewise administers tests for certification of workers in the welding profession. State licensing exams are used to certify workers in certain occupations as well, e.g., barber and chauffeur. On a national level, the Federal Aviation Administration has set standards for air traffic controllers, although in this case public safety is the primary force driving the action. The Need for Skill Standards in Vocational Education Most industry standards are established to improve worker competence and the products and services the workers provide.

Impact of a Data Classification Standard: User Domain

This Domain defines the users who have access to an organization’s information system. The user domain can be configured to internal use only and only the IT Department can grant access privilege for Remote Access Point. An Acceptable use policy (AUP) will be enforced in this domain to define what each user can and cannot do with any company data he or she has access to. Every user in the organization is responsible for the security of the environment. Workstation Domain In a workstation domain all users connect to the IT infrastructure.Richman Investments provide very secure access for the employee workstation with a username and password in order for the user to log into the machine. Security protocol requires the password to be change every 30 days. Regular updates and continuous antivirus protection are maintained on all company computers. In addition, no personal devices are allowed on the network. LAN Domain Local Area Network domains connect computers, printers, and ser vers to each other physically through a wire or wireless connection. This domain includes data closets, physical elements of the LAN, and logical elements designated by authorized personnel.It can access company-wide systems, application, and data from anywhere with the LAN. A LAN domain requires strong security and access controls, since the biggest threat to this domain is un-authorized access to anything on the network. To require strict security protocols we can disable all external access ports for the workstations. Doing this will prevent any user within the company from bringing an external jump drive, and connection it to the workstations. Also this will help us control company intellectual property, and prevent viruses on the LAN network.

Ind Aff

Katie Cornblath Ms. Moore English IV Dual Credit September 30, 2009 IND AFF The narrator’s relationship with Peter is a trying to outdo your sibling relationship with an attractive older man and he regards her as a relief from his problems in his current marriage. The narrator’s sister married a weedy academic professor and the narrator is dating a muscular academic profession which between her and her sister is considered the better of the two academic professor types. The narrator eventually realizes that she does not have the â€Å"inordinate affection† she thought she had. Peter is having difficulties with his wife and having a love affair with a young student is letting him have temporary breaks from his marriage. â€Å"It was a silly sad thing to do, in the first place, to confuse mere passing academic ambition with love: to try and outdo my sister Clare. † The narrator stating this above shows the root of the reason she was in love with Peter because she wanted to outdo her sister’s relationship with her professor. Peter being a muscular academic professor makes him attractive because â€Å"everything works well from the brain to the toes. This makes him good all around while her sister’s weedy academic professor doesn’t have â€Å"enough vital energy† left because the brain uses it all up. The narrator is attracted to Peter because he is better than her sister’s husband making her even more attracted to him other then â€Å"his dexterity and patience. † The narrator comes to her senses when the olde r and gentler looking waiter gave her a reproachful look wondering why she is with this old guy with plenty of young ones out there. This is demonstrated by the good looking waiter that makes her think in a world full of good looking guys what [am] I doing with this man with thinning hair? † That ended the love student professor love affair because the narrator came to the realization this is not true love. Peter, being in a troubling relationship with his wife makes the narrator a relief from his worries and problems. â€Å"Peter liked to luxuriate in guilt and indecision† which is the main reason he had feelings for her as well. It was either between the narrators or his wife and Peter having that indecision show he is still loves his wife even if he doesn’t realize it. There would be fearful personal and practical upheaval entailed if he decided to leave permanently and shack up as he put it with me. † Peter tells this to the narrator but if they were tr uly in love with each other then the â€Å"upheaval† wouldn’t matter to him because he says he doesn’t love his wife so he shouldn’t care what other people think about his actions since he is out of love. The hesitation there, and the caring, and worrying of what others think still shows he has feelings for his wife or otherwise he wouldn’t care if he â€Å"shacked up† with the narrator because he would have loved her more than his wife of 20 years. The narrator loved her professor in order to outdo her sister with the â€Å"attractive muscular academic† and ends up falling out of love when an attractive young waiter makes her question her judgment on Peter. Peter loves her because she is the break he needs from his failing relationship even though he still loves his wife of 20 years deep down because he is undecided to leave his wife for her or not. This was a typical student-professor relationship in the end, no more, no less; just personal reasons tangled up between few people that created â€Å"inordinate affection† between Peter and the narrator.

Drie Slechte Schaatsers Essay Example

Drie Slechte Schaatsers Essay Example Drie Slechte Schaatsers Essay Drie Slechte Schaatsers Essay 1. Tijd en ruimte: 1.1. Wanneer speelt heated boek zich af? Waaraan merk je digital audiotape? Het boek speelt zich af in heated heden. Wouter speelt videospelletjes Er wordt gereisd met heated vliegtuig 1.2. Is de tijd hier belangrijk? Waarom wel/niet? Nee, want er gebeurt niks bijzonders in het verhaal wat zich absoluut nergens anders zou kunnen afspelen. Hiermee bedoel ik digital audiotape Er niet zoiets in het boek voorkomt ALSs de 2e wereldoorlog 1.3. Zou dot verhaal ook in een andere tijd kunnen spelen? Waarom wel/niet? De tijd kan niet heel erg veranderen, want er zitten duidelijke verwijzingen naar het heden in het verhaal. Zo speelt Wouter videospelletjes nut wordt Er gereisd met heated vliegtuig. Maar er worden geen jaartallen gebruikt dus de tijd staat niet echt vast. Als je kijkt naar de realiteit zou 1997 het meest logisch is, omdat toen de laatste Elfstedentocht is gereden. 1.4. Waar speelt heated verhaal zich af? ( noem de belangrijkste ruimtes ) Het verhaal speelt zich in heated Begin af in Isra A ; euml ; cubic decimeter in Tel Aviv, waar hoofdpersoon Pieter met zijn tienjarige zoon Wouter op vakantie is. Het grootste gedeelte new wave het verhaal af in Amsterdam waar Pieter woont en Hilversum waar Pieters ed-vrouw Elleke woont. En de plaatsen waar ze schaatsen. De genoemde plaatsen waar hij schaatst zijn Ankeveense Plassen en het Naardermeer. Nog een aantal genoemde plaatsen dice wel in het boek genoemd worden maar geen die niks toevoegen aan het verhaal zijn onder andere Amsterdam, Ransdorper en Zuiderwoude. 1.5. Is de ruimte hier belangrijk? Waarom wel/niet? De ruimtes spelen geen rol in het verhaal. Ze zijn slechts een decor bedoeld om het verhaal Te illustreren en hebben cistron symbolische betekenis 2. De wijze new wave vertellen 2.1. Wat is de vertelde tijd in het boek? De vertelde tijd is vijf dagen ( aan het einde new wave het boek telt hoofdpersoon Pieter de dagen na ) . Het boek begint op 4 januari en eindigt op 8 januari 2.2. Wat is de verteltijd in het boek? De vertelde tijd is 46 bladzijden 2.3. Is heated boek hoofdzakelijk chronologisch of niet-chronologisch? Het boek is compleet chronologisch. Er zitten enkele flashbacks in het boek, maar dice hebben geen invloed op verhaal 2.4. Geef een voorbeeld new wave een stukje uit het boek waar chronologisch verteld wordt. 2.5. Geef een voorbeeld new wave een stukje uit het boek waar niet-chronologisch verteld wordt. 2.6. Op welke manier begint het boek? ( ab ovo, in medias RESs of station paradoxical sleep ) . Neem een stukje tekst new wave het begin new wave het boek over en motiveer je antwoord. Het is chronologische en begint dus Ab Ovo. 2.7. Welke verteller is in het boek hoofdzakelijk aan het woord? ( De ik-verteller, personale verteller of de auctoriale, alwetende, verteller ) . Motiveer je antwoord. Het volledige verhaal wordt gezien door de ogen van een personale verteller met Pieter ALSs hoofdpersoon. Je Kent de gevoelens en gedachten van hoofdpersoon Pieter met ziet het verhaal niet door zijn ogen. Dit is te zien omdat Er nooit iets wordt gezegd door een ik-persoon nut Er geen sprake is alwetende verteller dice gebeurtenissen uit de toekomst vertelt. 3. Spanning: 3.1. Maak een spanningsgrafiek new wave het boek 3.2.benoem bij iedere belangrijke gebeurtenis ( van de x-as ) het bijbehorende spanningsniveau ( y-as ) . Geef de belangrijkste gebeurtenissen een nummer, maar leg ook in woorden uit wat deze gebeurtenis inhoudt. Zie voor verdere informatie over de grafiek de aantekeningen uit de les. De ontknoping new wave het verhaal op de schaatsbaan. Pieter komt erachter digital audiotape dice dekagram, 8 januari, hun trouwdag. Hier komt het hele verhaal rain trees In de inleiding, waar vrij weinig spanning is. Dit is heated minute waarop Elleke belt om hem Te vertellen digital audiotape ze digital audiotape weekend langskomen om te gaan schaatsen Het minute waarop Elleke en Wouter bij Pieter Aankomen 4. Thema en motieven: 4.1. Wat is heated onderwerp new wave het boek? Het onderwerp van het boek is heated de liefde tussen Elleke en Pieter. Hun degelijke liefde zonder hartstocht, waarbij ze uit elkaar gingen zonder echte reden, omdat het erbij hoorde 4.2. Wat is heated thema new wave het boek? Het thema is toeval. Dat niets onmogelijk is. Dat hoe Klein de kans ook is, de kans is er. Wouter en Pieter vragen zich af hoe groot de kans is dat een Z in een woestijngebied dichtvriest, en hoe groot de kans is dat Er een Jezusspelletje uit de hemel komt vallen. Tien jaar voor het boek opent fantaseert Pieter hoe groot de kans is dat Elleke, Pieter en Wouter Hun rondje op het ijs ooit zullen afmaken. De bedoeling new wave het hele verhaal is gewoon duidelijk maken dat niets onmogelijk is. 4.3. Welke motieven zijn Er in het boek? Noem ze en leg uit waarom dot motieven zijn. Een motief is liefde. Liefde is eigenlijk een leidmotief ; de toeval betreft de nogal ongewone liefde tussen Elleke en Pieter Een tweede motief is sport. Sport is erg belangrijk voor Pieter. Het vind heated erg belangrijk digital audiotape hij met zijn vrouw en zoontje ooit het rondje schaatsen afmaakten 5. Personages: 5.1. Noem de hoofdpersonen uit het boek. Het verhaal heeft maar drie personen ; Elleke, Wouter en Pieter. Pieter is de hoofdpersoon, het type. De band tussen de drie personages is een familieband. Dan wel een familieband tussen gescheiden ouders, want ik heb niet het idee digital audiotape de hoofdpersonen veel ruzie met elkaar hebben of iets dergelijks. Pieter:Ik schat dat hij ongeveer 40 jaar is, aangezien zijn vrouw veertig is en zijn sort tien. Hij fantaseert over onmogelijk gebeurtenissen, digital audiotape heeft hij new wave zijn zoon Wouter. Hij is een denker, in heated boek komt hij niet naar voren ALSs een spontaan persoon. Ik geloof niet digital audiotape hij kwade bedoelingen heeft, Pieter wil maar A ; eacute ; A ; eacute ; n ding, en digital audiotape is zijn gezin terug bij elkaar krijgen. Over de twee andere personages is helaas niet veel Te schrijven, je komt weinig over hen Tes weten. Elleke:Een veertigjarige vrouw, die gescheiden is van Pieter. Zij is de voornaamste opvoeder new wave Wouter. Ook zij koestert geen haatgevoelens tegen haar ex-man. De secret plan op de achterkant vind ik daarmee een perfecte keuze: Mooie vrouw is dat, die net naar je knikte. Is dat je vrouw? Mijn ex. Je ex? Dat zou je niet zeggen. Ze lijkt wel gewoon je vrouw. Hoe is heated dan uit geraakt tussen jullie? Dat was heated gekke ; hij kon niets bedenken waarmee hij digital audiotape in een paar zinnen zou kunnen zeggen. Waarom was heated eigenlijk uit? Misschien omdat ze hadden gedacht digital audiotape digital audiotape Er nu eenmaal bij hoorde. Je ontmoette elkaar, je werd verliefd op elkaar, en dan ging je weer uit elkaar. Dat waren de zekerheden, alleen voor de invulling mocht je zelf nog wat bedenken Wouter:Het tienjarige zoontje new wave Pieter nut Elleke. Wouter wil subsequently computerspellenbedenker worden. Hij is heated er met zijn vader over eens dat niets onmogelijk is en fantaseert over ( on ) mogelijke gebeurtenissen 5.2. Welke relatie hebben ze tot elkaar? 5.3. Beschrijf iedere hoofdpersoon aan de manus van 3 karaktereigenschappen. 6. Titel, ondertitel en slogan: 6.1. Noem de titel van het boek. 6.2. Verklaar de titel. 6.3. Heeft het boek een ondertitel? Zo ja, welke? 6.4. Heeft het boek een slogan? Zo ja, schrijf hier voluit het slogan op. Hoofdstuk 2: De recensie Op ELO vind je excess informatie en 2 voorbeelden new wave een recensie. Deze worden hier ook toegelicht. Lees deze excess informatie goed door! Houd je bij het schrijven van de recensie aan de volgende voorwaarden: Let erop dat je je recensie een titel meegeeft, maar niet de titel van het boek! De recensie beslaat ongeveer A ; eacute ; A ; eacute ; n kantje A-4 in Word, lettergrootte 10 12. Minimaal 350 woorden ( Dat is de eigenlijke recensie zonder minisamenvatting ) . Meer mag natuurlijk gerust. Je moet in het middenstuk new wave je recensie minimaal drie verschillende soorten argumenten gebruiken new wave de in de les besproken argumenten, te weten: Interpretatieve argumenten/thematische argumenten. Technische argumenten/structurele argumenten. Morele argumenten. Realistische argumenten/geloofwaardigheid Didactische argumenten. Emotionele argumenten. Spanningsargumenten. ( zie de aantekeningen uit de les voor meer informatie met betrekking tot deze argumenten ) . Hoofdstuk 3: De persoonlijke beoordeling Antwoord in HELE zinnen! Het onderwerp Vond je het een interessant onderwerp? Waarom wel/niet? Was het onderwerp herkenbaar in je eigenbelevingswereld of juist niet? Waarom wel/niet? Had jezelf wel eens nagedacht over heated onderwerp of ben je door het boek juist aan het denken gezet? Waarom wel/niet? In hoeverre kwam het boek overeen met jouw gedachten of welke mening heb je over heated onderwerp gekregen? Waarom wel/niet? Werd het onderwerp oppervlakkig behandeld of had het voldoende diepgang? Waarom wel/niet? Wat zou je zeker hebben weggelaten, toegevoegd of veranderd? Waarom? Ken je boeken of movies die over hetzelfde onderwerp gaan? Welke? De gebeurtenissen Wat was heated belangrijkste in heated boek: de gebeurtenissen of de gevoelens en gedachten van de personen? Leg uit! Kwamen er te veel gebeurtenissen in voor of was heated aantal juist goed? Waarom wel/niet? Vond je de gebeurtenissen spannend, saai, opwindend, romantisch, fantastisch, triest, enzovoort? Waarom wel/niet? Vond je de gebeurtenissen geloofwaardig, toevallig of verrassend? Waarom wel/niet? Vonden Er schokkende gebeurtenissen in het boek plaats? Motiveer je antwoord! Riepen de gebeurtenissen bepaalde gevoelens bij je op? Waarom wel/niet? Hoe heb je de afloop ervaren? Motiveer je antwoord! De personen Kwam de hoofdpersoon levensecht over? Waarom wel/ niet? Kon je je goed inleven in de hoofdpersoon of juist niet? Waarom wel/ niet? Herkende je bepaalde eigenschappen new wave de hoofdpersoon in jezelf? Welke? Herkende je enkele personen in je Eigen leefwereld? Welke? Ben je door het gedrag new wave de hoofdpersoon beinvloed? Hoe komt digital audiotape? Welke eigenschappen new wave de hoofdpersoon waardeerde je positief en welke negatief? Zou je de hoofdpersoon anders laten handelen ALSs jij de auteur was geweest? Waarom wel/niet? De opbouw Vond je het verhaal moeilijk opgebouwd of kon je het vlot lezen? Waarom/waardoor? Als het lastig was om te lezen, kwam dat dan door het vertelperspectief of door de wisseling new wave tijd ( flashbacks ) ? Motiveer je antwoord! Zaten er delen in het boek dice je niet kon lezen omdat ze Te saai of onbegrijpelijk waren? Welke en waarom? Welke delen vond je spannend en kwamen die op het juiste minute? Waarom? Vond je de afloop onbegrijpelijk onbevredigend verrassend of flauw? Waarom? Het taalgebruik Vond je het taalgebruik ( woordkeuze en zinsbouw ) moeilijk of makkelijk? Waarom? Vond je digital audiotape de gebeurtenissen op een heldere wijze werden beschreven zodat je een goede voorstelling kon maken? Waarom wel/niet? Kwamen er veel of weinig dialogen in voor en werden ze op een natuurlijke wijze weergegeven? Motiveer je antwoord! Waren er zinnen of fragmenten in het boek dice je zou willen onthouden omdat ze goed, mooi, humoristisch, gevoelig of beeldend waren? Hoofdstuk 4: Beknopte verhaalanalyse en beoordeling Zie ELO voor een uitgewerkt voorbeeld!

A Brief Look at Italian History

A Brief Look at Italian History The history of Italy is characterized by two periods of unity- the Roman Empire (27 BCE–476 CE) and the modern democratic republic formed after the end of World War II. Between those two periods may have been a millennium and a half of division and disruption, but that disruption saw one of the worlds great flowering of art, the Renaissance (circa 1400–1600 CE). Italy, sitting in southwestern Europe, is comprised largely of a boot-shaped peninsula that extends out into the Mediterranean, as well as a region on the core landmass of the continent. It is bordered by Switzerland and Austria to the north, Slovenia and the Adriatic Sea to the east, France and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west, and the Ionian Sea and the Mediterranean to the south. Italy also includes the islands of Sicily and Sardinia. Roman Empire Between the sixth to third centuries BCE, the Italian city of Rome conquered Peninsular Italy; over the next few centuries, this empire spread to dominate the Mediterranean and Western Europe. The Roman Empire would go on to define much of Europes history, leaving a mark on culture and society that outlasted the military and political machinations of its leadership. After the Italian part of the Roman Empire declined and â€Å"fell† in the fifth century (an event no one at the time realized was so significant), Italy was the target of several invasions. The previously united region broke apart into several smaller bodies, including the Papal States, governed by the Catholic Pope. Renaissance and the Kingdom of Italy By the eighth and ninth centuries, a number of powerful and trading-oriented city-states emerged, including Florence, Venice, and Genoa; these were the forces that incubated the Renaissance. Italy and its smaller states also went through stages of foreign domination. These smaller states were the fertile grounds of the Renaissance, which changed Europe massively once more and owed a lot to the competing states trying to outspend each other on glorious art and architecture. Unification and independence movements throughout Italy developed ever stronger voices in the 19th century after Napoleon created the short-lived Kingdom of Italy. A war between Austria and France in 1859 allowed several small states to merge with Piedmont; a tipping point had been reached and the Kingdom of Italy was formed in 1861, growing by 1870- when the Papal States joined- to cover almost all of what we now call Italy. Mussolini and Modern Italy The Kingdom of Italy was subverted when Mussolini took power as a fascist dictator, and although he was initially skeptical of German dictator Adolf Hitler, Mussolini took Italy into World War II rather than risk losing out on what he perceived as a land grab. That choice caused his downfall. Modern Italy is now a democratic republic and has been since the modern constitution came into effect in 1948. This followed a referendum in 1946, which voted to abolish the previous monarchy by 12.7 million to 10.7 million votes. Key Rulers Julius Caesar c. 100 BCE–44 BCE A great general and statesman, Julius Caesar won a civil war to become both sole ruler of the extensive Roman domains and dictator for life, setting in motion a process of transformation that led to the creation of the Roman Empire. He was assassinated by enemies and is arguably the most famous ancient Roman. Giuseppe Garibaldi 1807–1882 After exile in South America, forced upon him because of his role in an attempted republican revolution, Guiseppi Garibaldi commanded forces in several Italian conflicts of the 19th century. He played an important role in Italian unification when he and his volunteer army of â€Å"Redshirts† captured Sicily and Naples and allowed them to join the Kingdom of Italy. Although Garibaldi fell out with the new king, in 1862, he was offered a command in the U.S. Civil War by President Abraham Lincoln. That never occurred because Lincoln wouldnt agree to abolish slavery at that early date. Benito Mussolini 1883–1945 Mussolini became the youngest-ever prime minister of Italy in 1922, using his fascist organization of â€Å"Blackshirts† to propel him to power. He transformed the office into a dictatorship and allied with Hitler’s Germany, but was forced to flee when World War II turned Italy against him. He was captured and executed.

Legal skills assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Legal skills assignment - Essay Example Under the Solicitors’ Code of Conduct 2007 Rule 1.05 it states 9. You must provide a good standard of client care and of work, including the exercise of competence, skill and diligence. Disciplinary action will not always follow where breaches of this duty are minor and isolated. At one point in the interview the solicitor is asked by the client to explain the time limits that the solicitor mentions. The solicitor in this case makes no effort whatsoever to explain the time limits and in fact seems to totally ignore the request for further information. As this was a specific request by the solicitor he should have explained the time limits straightaway or at least have told the client that he would cover this later. In explaining the time limits the solicitor should have explained that under the Limitation Act 1980 a claim has to be brought within 3 years of the date of the accident. The solicitor also spends time on telling the client about the number of accidents that occur as a result of people using mobile phones whilst driving. This is totally irrelevant in this case and would only be relevant if the solicitor were to be suggesting that the chances of success of the case were remote as very few cases in this area had succeeded. Instead of commenting on the number of accidents that occur in this way the solicitor should have encouraged the client by stating that this will add to the liability of the defendant as he was not fully in control of the vehicle at the time of the accident. The solicitor should have explained that this could be used against the defendant if they try to deny liability as they could use the fact to demonstrate that he was not fully concentrating on the road at the time. It is also a criminal offence to use a mobile phone whilst driving which could mean that the defendant would face criminal charges for being on the phone. This would a lso strengthen a case against the defendant for compensation. If the

Oscar Romero and Post Vatican II Church Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Oscar Romero and Post Vatican II Church - Essay Example Prior to these sessions, mass were conducted in a way that priests turned their backs to the congregation, modern forms were not accepted, masses were conducted in Latin language only, and sacraments were not updated or simplified. The council introduced new documents which saw landmark transformation of the Catholic Church. (http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0505787.htm). Alters were altered, and priests were made to face the congregation, priesthood and religious life were renewed, liturgy was modernized, lay Catholics participation in church affairs was enhanced, Catholic church opened dialogue with other churches and non-Christians and the church was recognized as ‘the people of God’. Way was given for people around the world to conduct masses in their vernacular language. All these changes were not immediate. This saw the church began a long and contentious process of every aspect of the Catholic Church. The council regarded this transformation as a way of opening dialogue with the modern world and facing modern challenges that were inevitable. It is believed that were it, not for these changes introduced by the Vatican II council, the church would be a small minority in the modern world. These transformations brought modern-day men and women nearer to the gospel and made the gospel important to them which was not the case before. One of the goals of the council documents was to enlighten the modern believers to see the world as an opportunity to announce the gospel and not a threat to the gospel. Prior to this, many catholic believers viewed the modern world as a threat to the gospel and existence of the church. These transformations greatly changed the spiritual view of the church. Another ongoing spiritual task since the inception of these transformations has been to enlighten the young generations not to see the Vatican as an ancient history of the church

Kill a mocking bird 1.2.3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Kill a mocking bird 1.2.3 - Essay Example In the early chapters, he is known as a child who fights every conflict and never refuses dares thinking that those actions are expressions of bravery. In chapters 13-18 though different lines from the text showed Jem’s transformation. In the part where Jem and Scout’s father and aunt were having a discussion about Calpurnia, Jem told Scout in private to â€Å"try not to antagonize† their Aunt since she is still young to understand that â€Å"it’s different with grown folks.† In the said line he presented himself as an adult (Lee Chapter 14, p.139). Another evidence of Jem’s growth is the manner by which he handled the situation with Dill. Although, Dill did not like it, Jem told his father that the child run away from home and explained to him that he â€Å"cannot run three hundred miles off without his mother’s knowing† about it. This showed concern for other people (p.143). The third evidence of Jem’s maturity is his a wareness and understanding of the issues being discussed in court during the trial of the rape case. He explained to Dill that the matter was about. In addition, when Scout pointed out the fact that they had been seen by Mr.

Self Directed Work Team (SDWT) Advantages and Disadvantages

Self Directed Work Team (SDWT) Advantages and Disadvantages A Briefing on Self Directed Work Team (SDWT) by Group 5 Self Directed Work Team is a powerful concept since the ancient Roman legion and today approximately 68% of fortune 1000 companies implement SDWT concept including Ford, GM, PG, FedEx, etc. (Lawler, Mohrman, Ledford ,1995). Definition Vecchio (2003, p.107) defined Self Directed Work Teams (SDWT) as â€Å"a highly trained group of six to eighteen employees that is fully responsible for creating a specific product†. And according to an article in Entrepreneur Connect   (Anon, 1995) â€Å"self -directed teams are small groups of employees who have responsibility for managing themselves and their work†. Success in todays challenging competitive environment is based on employee empowerment and team work (Boyett Boyett, 1998). This could be closely related to Herzbergs motivating factor which was later simply defined by Barbara (n.d.) as â€Å"what makes you work well†. Many companies are attracted to this innovation because of the prospect of flattening the organizational structure in these times when downsizing, flattening and work process reengineering are so crucial (Coates and Miller, 1995). SDWT leads to increased organizational effectiveness and employee satisfaction (Forsyth, 1999) which in todays business is being the competitive advantage (Ron Williams, n.d). Advantages of SDWT General Motors, Proctor Gamble Xerox by implementing SDWT resulted in approximately 30-40% improvement in productivity (Bruce,n.d.). In Kodak customer assistance centre SDWT resulted in 100% increase in profits (Anon, n.d.).FedEx improved their service by reducing the loss of packages and incorrect billing by 13%. Rubbermaid increased sales by 50% above projections Quality improvement. Increased productivity and reduced cost. Highly flexible. Simpler job classification and each member know every process through job rotation which will reduce dependency one person. Better innovation and creativity. Team members are motivated by job satisfaction, empowerment, trust, feel of ownership personal growth which in turn benefit the company as a whole. SDWT is being a vehicle for bringing in the Total Quality Management concept in an organization (Vecchio,2006,p.112) Following statistics based on a review of organization that transferred to SDWT (John Cotter, n.d.) well prove the positive impact. 93% reported improve productivity 86% reported decreased operating cost 86% reported improved quality 70% reported better employee attitudes Given the above advantages and success stories there are consequences and problems in challenging the success of SDWT and even driving to the opposite direction to failure. Consequences of SDWT Elimination of supervisory position. The need for shift from holding the decision making power to delegation and allowing autonomy. In other words supervisor should act as a facilitator and provide guidance to teams especially outside the teams areas of expertise. Supervisors should manage communication and monitor the effectiveness. Leaders promote team work and corporation (Brillhart, 1983). The key in supervisory role is to motivate â€Å"Self-Direction†. In an interview with Sterling Health USA, employees often quoted that â€Å"Before, the group leader made all the decisions. You didnt know why the decisions were madenow we do† (Peter, 1999). But is the team leader ready to accept the transition from holding the power to delegation? Is S/He ready to improve the skills to qualify as a facilitator? Requirement for heavy investment in training. Training needed for both supervisors and team members in building various skills. Cloke and Goldsmith ( 2002, pp 205-214 ) identified ten skills those are essential for members of the work teams to develop self management, communication, leadership, responsibility, supporting diversity, feedback and evaluation, strategic planning, shaping successful meeting, resolving conflicts and enjoyment. Williams (n.d.) mentioned â€Å"It is not uncommon for self-directed work teams to spend 20% of their time in ongoing training†. Organization willing to implement SDWT should have a clear training strategy including cross training opportunity and resources. Top management should design the training policy and budget for it. Need for more flatter and flexible organizational structure. The decision making authority is transformed to the team members to eliminate waste of time relying on approvals from managers. Self-direction, autonomy, empowerment are the key players in success of SDWT which is facilitated only on flat structures. Responsibilities assigned to workers in GM clearly indicate the need for flat structure.(William,1999,p.11) Responsibility for quality control. Responsibility for maintenance and small repairs. Responsibility for safety. Responsibility for capital budgeting and operational budgeting. Responsibility for staffing. SDWT to begin performing takes long period. As per William (1999) SDWTs cannot be created instantly; it can take 2 to 5 years to fully implement. Some companies might not have the time or resources to go through this process Stages of forming SDWT: Stage one: (Start-Up) Goal preparation, explanation of purpose, member selection and building trust (6-9months). Stage two: (State of confusion) Technical assistance, feedback, implementing procedures to support self direction, and training. (6-9months). Stage three: (Leader centered team) Encouraging leadership activity among team members. (6-12months). Stage four: (Tightly formed teams) Resolving conflicts, start managing on own, communicating resource requirement and goals.(6-12months). Stage five: (Self direction) Maintain self confidence and self esteem of others. Strong partnership with internal and external customers. Consequently, if you look at the time and training involved in SDWTs it might not be suitable for an environment with a high employee turnover. Need for greater leadership development. As the organization would no longer function in a traditional manner the leaders or managers need to build their ability to allow and encourage such a high level of empowerment, which can be tackled with specially created programs (Coates and Miller, 1995). Problems of SDWT Team members approached the saturation point of learning through job rotation and would have achieved the maximum level of earning i.e. plant rate where no more room for psychological or financial boosts (Vecchio, 2006, p.113). Again while talking about pay as a motivator does it really matter? Can rewarding and recognition be the motivator to ensure continuing performance of the employees (Vecchio, 2006, p.84).   Also the performance measurement system should not create any competition within team members which will reduce co-operation and affect the success of SDWT. Another major challenge is getting people to remain committed to the improvement of the processes when they realize that they may be working themselves out of a job. The employees involved in self-directed work teams must have a great deal of trust so that employees are not concerned about their job security (Anon, 1995). Conflict management would be another critical and sensitive issue. Again each team member has different personalities and perceptions. Here comes the importance of required skills from facilitator. A culture of knowledge sharing has to be built in. Another question is that, are employees ready to be self directed? Whether they have capacity and skills? Of course proper training would be in place but still some employees prefer managers direction on what to do rather than deciding on their own. Here comes the need for selecting appropriate team members which is again depending on the talent of facilitator. Is the organization policies and culture is supportive in transferring power and authority to team members? Other problems would be signs of overconfidence which lead to members willing to take extra ordinary risk, members ignoring the ethical consequences, collective rationalization and underestimating capabilities of other groups which may lead to failure and financial losses.(Craig, 2005, p.219) Given the fact empowerment is a key to succeed in SDWT; will all the managers support this? Foegen (1999) stated on the loss of control: If one individual makes all the decisions in a given department, for example, his or her control is all-encompassing. Focus is obvious and unequivocal. But when authority is delegated, that focus becomes blurred, decision making is diffused, and responsibilitys locus is often less certain. He also stated delegation and empowerment can decrease the self image of the managers. The other pitfalls of empowerment would be lack of clarity, managements view as shared control / loss of control etc. Finally it would require numerous changes in processes and procedures and require a lot more time to make SDWTs successful in a unionized department. Conclusion Before a company can decide to implement self directed work teams, Coates and Miller (1995) point out certain situations or job fields in which this method may not work. These include: When there is a requirement for direction or supervision. This is often needed for jobs which may be unpleasant, arduous, fast paced or risky. When minimal team interaction is required. In jobs such as these employees may find it difficult to lead each other. When a lack of professional maturity exists among team members. An unwillingness to make the effort exists. The inability to meet regularly as a team. Work groups with any of these five characteristics would find it difficult to function effectively and may have to resort to the traditional method of management. Statistics shows that empowerment has about a 50% success rate and it is found that major reason for this is lack of management commitment to the change process. One of the companies failed by using SDWT is The Airline peoples Express. (Fisher, 2000, p.26). References: Anon. (1995) Taking the Mystery Out of Self -Directed Work Teams, Entrepreneur Connect [Online]. Available from:  http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/17227174.html   (Accessed: 21 August 2009). Anon (n.d.) Teams, the good, the bad and the ugly [Online] Available from: http://faculty.css.edu/dswenson/web/TDlearnCo/gains-lossesofteams.html (Accessed: 22 August 2009) Boyett, J. Boyett, J. (1998) The guru guide: The best of the top management thinkers. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Brillhart, J.(1983) Effective group discussion. 5th ed. Dubuque, Iowa: William Brown Co. Bruce K.Bernard (n.d) Preparing for Self-Directed Work Teams [Online] Available from: http://209.85.229.132/search?q=cache:rEhTVduzfRMJ:www.ux1.eiu.edu/~bkbarnard/preparing2.ppt+self+directed+work+teams+pptcd=7hl=enct=clnkgl=ae (Accessed: 21 August 2009). Cloke, K and Goldsmith, J (2002) The End of Management and the Rise of Organizational Democracy. Questia Online Library [Online] Available from: http://www.questia.com/read/111621737?title=The%20End%20of%20Management%20and%20the%20Rise%20of%20Organizational%20Democracy (Accessed: 21 August 2009). Coates, D. Miller, M. (1995) ‘Self Directed Teams: Lessons Learned for Local Government, Public Management, 77 (12), p. 16, Questia Online Library [Online]. Available from: http://www.questia.com/read/5001654373?title=Self-Directed%20Teams%3a%20Lessons%20Learned%20for%20Local%20Government (Accessed: 21August 2009). Craig E. Johnson. (2005) Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership. 2nd ed. USA: Sage Publications Inc. Ed Rose Steve Buckley. (1999) Self Directed work Teams, A Trainers Role in the Transition. USA: Intersil Coporation. Foegen, J.H. (1999) Why not empowerment, Business and Economic Review, Apr-Jun 1999  Ã‚  [Online]. Available from: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa5313/is_199904/ai_n21437565/  (Accessed: 22 August 2009) Forsyth, D. (1999) Group dynamics. 3rd ed. New York: Brooks/Cole-Wadsworth. Jeffrey Christopher Bauer (2002) A Longitudinal Evaluation of The Impact of Organizational Structure on Role Ambiguity and Work Group Performance [Online] Available from: http://www.ucclermont.edu/~BAUERJ/JCBauerDissertationFinal.htm (Accessed: 21 August 2009). Kimball Fisher. (2000). Leading Self Directed Work Teams, A Guide to Developing New Team Leadership Skils. USA: McGraw-Hill. Peter B.Grazier (1999) Living with a self directed work team why self-direction works: A review of Herzbergs Concepts [Online] Available from: http://www.teambuildinginc.com/article_selfdirected.htm (Accessed: 21 August 2009). Robert P. Vecchio (2006) Organizational Behavior, 6th ed. Mason, OH, USA: Thomson Corporation South-Western. Robert T.Howell (2001) Fostering Self-Directed Team Members [Online] Available from: http://www.teambuildinginc.com/article_selfdirected.htm (Accessed: 21August 2009). Williams, R. (n.d.) Self-Directed Work Teams: A Competitive Advantage [online] Available from: http://www.qualitydigest.com/nov95/html/self-dir.html (Accessed: 20 August 2009).

Penicillin Essay -- essays research papers fc

Penicillin was accidentally discovered at St. Mary's Hospital, London in 1929 by Dr. Alexander Fleming. As test continued, Fleming began to realize that he was on the verge of a great discovery. However, he still did not know the identity of the fungus, and had little knowledge of fungi. His crude extracts could be diluted 1,000 times and still be effective in killing bacteria. After years of working on penicillin and going nowhere, many of his co-workers grew tired of hearing about it. The first real test for penicillin came when a 48-year-old police officer nicked himself shaving. After a time, Alexander's face became infected and he developed a temperature. When he was rushed to the hospital, the doctors believed that he had only hours to live. Then Dr Fleming and his crew started to treat this patient. This was the first person that penicillin was used on. After five days, he was getting better. Unfortunately, because it was in such short supply, it had to be extracted from his urine, and the penicillin had been used up. The police officer died five days l ater. Their next attempt was successful. It involved a punctured eye. The stone was still in the eye, and normally the eye would have been amputated, but penicillin allowed the man to make a full recovery. By this time, it was now 1941, it was now acknowledged that penicillin was indeed a worthwhile drug and could save thousands of lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During World War I, death rate from pneumonia in th...

Preparation of Acetanilide

Synthesis of Acetanilide Reaction O NH2 + H3C C O O C CH3 O N C CH3 H + H3C O C OH Aniline Acetic anhydride Acetanilide Acetic acid Purpose: Acetanilide is a useful precursor to many pharmaceuticals such as acetaminophen and penicillin. Experimental Procedure. (Estimated time: 1. 5 h. ) Unless otherwise noted, all manipulations should be done in the chemical fume hood. Place 100 Â µL of aniline into a tared 10 X 75-mm test tube (standing in a small beaker or Erlenmeyer flask). Now add 0. -mL of distilled water; with swirling, followed by 3 drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Add 10 mg of powdered decolorizing charcoal, or the pelletized form (Norit) to the resulting solution. Fit the test tube with a cork stopper and take it back to your hood. Gravity filter this suspension (25-mm funnel fitted with fluted fast-grade filter paper – see instructor) into a 3. 0-mL conical vial containing a magnetic spin vane. Wet the filter paper in advance with distilled water and blot th e excess water from the stem of the funnel.Use an additional 0. 5 mL of distilled water to rinse the test tube and pass that through the filter paper into your vial. Your aniline hydrochloride solution is ready for reaction. Assemble the apparatus as shown below: CONICAL VIAL W/ MAGNETIC SPIN VANE AND AIR CONDENSER Dissolve 150 mg (1. 10 mmol) of sodium acetate trihydrate in 0. 5 mL of distilled water in a 10 X 17-mm test tube. Cap the tube and set the solution aside for use in the next step. Feature Article –Â  Free-Radical BrominationAdd, with stirring, 150 Â µL of acetic anhydride to the solution of aniline hydrochloride, followed quickly by addition (Pasteur pipet) of the previously prepared solution of sodium acetate. Stir to thoroughly mix the reagents (~5 min. ). You should see the formation of a white precipitate. Allow the reaction mixture to stand at room temperature for approximately 5 min and then place it in an ice bath for an additional 5-10 min to complete the crystallization process.Collect the acetanilide product by filtration under reduced pressure using a Buchner funnel. Rinse the conical vial with two 0. 5-mL portions of distilled water and use the rinse to wash the collected filter cake. Characterization. Weigh and determine the percent yield of the product. Obtain an IR spectrum using the total internal reflectance attachment. Take a 1H NMR of your product – if there is not enough we will pool samples together. Take the melting point of the product and compare it to the literature value. BUCHNER FUNNEL

Evaluation of Critical Theory in Tourism Essay

In spite of the consensus on the importance of research, the existing literature in hospitality and tourism research does not contain any commonly agreed upon ways of evaluating research performance. The most frequently used proxy for assessing research performance is authorship and institution analyses by counting the number of published articles in selected research journals (Jogaratnam, McCleary, Mena, and Yoo, 2005; Malhotra and Kher, 1996; Sheldon, 1991; Weaver, McCleary, and Farrar, 1990; Zhao and Ritchie, 2006). 4 While counting the number of published articles in selected journals may be simple to perform and interpret, this approach is subject to many methodological problems. Wood (1995), as well as Losekoot, Verginis, and Wood (2001), argued that counting publications in selected journals as an indicator of academic productivity is too narrow and geographically-based. Similarly, Ryan (2005) and Hall (2005) stated that focusing on publications in research journals would exclude many researchrelated activities such as writing books, supervising postgraduate students, and taking on leadership roles in the international academic community. Likewise, the conjecture which this paper makes is that using the number of published articles in selected tourism and hospitality journals as an indicator of research performance is an incomplete, if not biased approach, as other research-related activities are simply excluded from consideration. Such a statement is made on the basis that many established academics do not publish in the selected journals. In addition, in order to obtain a more comprehensive measurement of research performance, other scholarly activities such as participation in research projects, editorship of research journals, membership of editorial boards and conference committees, participation in international conferences, and memberships of international/national organisations should also be incorporated into the overall evaluation process. In response to the absence of prior studies on determining research performance for tourism and hospitality academics in a comprehensive way, this exploratory study makes an attempt to fill the void by investigating the perception of university program heads on the importance of different research-related activities. Program heads are the academics who assume key responsibilities in academic departments or  divisions. Examples of these key responsibilities include research leadership and evaluations (Wikipedia, 2006). Findings are thus anticipated to lead to 5 further insights on research performance evaluation, which in turn help academics appropriately set their own career development plans.